an article by Aidas Vasilis Vasiliauskas (General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania), Virgilija Vasilienė-Vasiliauskienė and Margarita Marija Lietuvnikė (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania) and Ieva Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė (General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Viln published iius, Lithuania and University Institute of Lisbon, Portugal) published in International Journal of Learning and Change Volume 11 Number 3 (2019)
Abstract
There were over one million unauthorised immigrants, refugees entering Europe in 2015.
A long-time frame for assessing asylum applications or frequent rejections, encourage refugees to migrate illegally by intruding land vehicles to cross the border of their chosen European country without being noticed.
The intrusion of illegal immigrants into road freight vehicles to cross borders without being noticed has caused a great deal of damage to the international freight transportation companies.
This article presents results of the study aimed at assessing problems caused by illegal immigrants to European road freight transport companies operating in the corridor France-UK.
I am not sure whether I will be able to find this article in the British Library but it is certainly one I would like to read in full.
Showing posts with label France. Show all posts
Showing posts with label France. Show all posts
Friday, 8 November 2019
Wednesday, 9 October 2019
From Myths to Markets: Power, Institutions, and the Reification of Imagined Histories
an article by Elizabeth Carter (The University of New Hampshire, USA) published in European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie Volume 60 Issue 2 (August 2019)
Abstract
This article posits that institutionalized mythologies can create comparative production advantages.
Myths shape collective identity, mobilize actors, and fundamentally reshape production dynamics.
Myths are institutionalized in market rules, regulations and structures, leading to the reification of the myth.
The myth functions as if it is true, not because it is true, but because it shapes the rules of production.
Yet without the initial myth, specific production incentives – and even their institutional comparative advantages – would not exist.
My theory integrates approaches from modernist historians (“imagined communities”) and economic sociologists (“imagined futures”) to explain how myths (“imagined histories”) shape contemporary market outcomes, using the example of the French wine market.
This argument contributes to the historical institutionalist approach, which focuses on the historical power dynamics between competing groups and the present-day social and market consequence of their institutionalized solutions.
Abstract
This article posits that institutionalized mythologies can create comparative production advantages.
Myths shape collective identity, mobilize actors, and fundamentally reshape production dynamics.
Myths are institutionalized in market rules, regulations and structures, leading to the reification of the myth.
The myth functions as if it is true, not because it is true, but because it shapes the rules of production.
Yet without the initial myth, specific production incentives – and even their institutional comparative advantages – would not exist.
My theory integrates approaches from modernist historians (“imagined communities”) and economic sociologists (“imagined futures”) to explain how myths (“imagined histories”) shape contemporary market outcomes, using the example of the French wine market.
This argument contributes to the historical institutionalist approach, which focuses on the historical power dynamics between competing groups and the present-day social and market consequence of their institutionalized solutions.
Monday, 17 June 2019
The detrimental effect of job protection on employment: Evidence from France
a column by Pierre Cahuc, Franck Malherbet and Julien Prat for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
Standard economic models predict that employment protection legislation reduces both job destruction and job creation, with the negative impact on job creation caused by the anticipation of separation costs.
This column shows that in France, this anticipation effect not only plays a key role in reducing job creation but also increases job destruction among low-skilled workers, an effect that is amplified by the presence of the minimum wage. This mechanism implies that job protection is strongly detrimental to employment in the French context.
Continue reading
Standard economic models predict that employment protection legislation reduces both job destruction and job creation, with the negative impact on job creation caused by the anticipation of separation costs.
This column shows that in France, this anticipation effect not only plays a key role in reducing job creation but also increases job destruction among low-skilled workers, an effect that is amplified by the presence of the minimum wage. This mechanism implies that job protection is strongly detrimental to employment in the French context.
Continue reading
Simply a matter of compliance with the rules? The moralising and responsibilising function of fraud-based citizenship deprivation in France and the UK
an article by Émilien Fargues (Centre de recherches politiques, Sciences Po Paris, France) published in Citizenship Studies Volume 23 Issue 4 (June 2019)
Abstract
Scholarship largely sees fraud-based citizenship stripping as a tool for guaranteeing the consistency of the naturalisation process against applicants who do not respect the rules. This implies that the line between ‘desirable’ and ‘undesirable’ citizens is drawn in accordance with procedural norms.
In contrast, this article argues that deprivation on grounds of fraud aims to create a virtuous and responsible political subject.
Drawing on the cases of France and the UK, the paper shows how government officials and judges understand citizenship deprivation not simply as a means to safeguard the procedural integrity of naturalisation, but as a mechanism for the moralisation and responsibilisation of applicants.
The article further contends that not everyone is made the subject of ‘renationalisation’. British and French deprivation policies reproduce suspicions and stereotypes against specific categories of migrants, constructing them as second-class citizens.
Abstract
Scholarship largely sees fraud-based citizenship stripping as a tool for guaranteeing the consistency of the naturalisation process against applicants who do not respect the rules. This implies that the line between ‘desirable’ and ‘undesirable’ citizens is drawn in accordance with procedural norms.
In contrast, this article argues that deprivation on grounds of fraud aims to create a virtuous and responsible political subject.
Drawing on the cases of France and the UK, the paper shows how government officials and judges understand citizenship deprivation not simply as a means to safeguard the procedural integrity of naturalisation, but as a mechanism for the moralisation and responsibilisation of applicants.
The article further contends that not everyone is made the subject of ‘renationalisation’. British and French deprivation policies reproduce suspicions and stereotypes against specific categories of migrants, constructing them as second-class citizens.
Monday, 29 April 2019
Outsourcing recruitment as a solution to prevent discrimination: A correspondence study
a column by Clémence Berson, Morgane Laouénan and Emmanuel Valat for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
Hiring discrimination against ethnic minorities remains an important issue in most industrialised countries, but few tools have proven their effectiveness in fighting this discrimination.
Based on an original correspondence study in France, this column argues that the organisation of recruitment has a large impact on discrimination
The findings suggest that companies that centralise HR practices across establishments are less likely to discriminate against minority ethnic applicants in the first round of selection.
Continue reading
Hiring discrimination against ethnic minorities remains an important issue in most industrialised countries, but few tools have proven their effectiveness in fighting this discrimination.
Based on an original correspondence study in France, this column argues that the organisation of recruitment has a large impact on discrimination
The findings suggest that companies that centralise HR practices across establishments are less likely to discriminate against minority ethnic applicants in the first round of selection.
Continue reading
Wednesday, 17 April 2019
A tale of two nationalisations: experiences of post 1945 public ownership in the UK and France compared
an article by Andrew Cumbers (University of Glasgow, Scotland) published in International Journal of Public Policy Volume 15 Number 1/2 (2019)
Abstract
As public ownership comes back into fashion following the failings and growing contradictions of neoliberal processes of marketisation and privatisation, it is important to learn the lessons for public policy from earlier processes of nationalisation.
In this article, I compare the post 1945 experiences of nationalisation in the UK and France.
Both countries underwent sweeping processes of nationalisation in the aftermath of the Second World War amidst a broader international shift towards a more state driven model of economic development under capitalism. However, the two experiences of nationalisation diverged considerably, reflecting underlying differences in past forms of economic development, the different balance of class forces and the integration of each country into the broader global economy.
The article suggests that these experiences remind us of the importance of a variegated perspective on the evolution of capitalism, distinctive political-economic trajectories and situating major policy shifts in time and space.
Abstract
As public ownership comes back into fashion following the failings and growing contradictions of neoliberal processes of marketisation and privatisation, it is important to learn the lessons for public policy from earlier processes of nationalisation.
In this article, I compare the post 1945 experiences of nationalisation in the UK and France.
Both countries underwent sweeping processes of nationalisation in the aftermath of the Second World War amidst a broader international shift towards a more state driven model of economic development under capitalism. However, the two experiences of nationalisation diverged considerably, reflecting underlying differences in past forms of economic development, the different balance of class forces and the integration of each country into the broader global economy.
The article suggests that these experiences remind us of the importance of a variegated perspective on the evolution of capitalism, distinctive political-economic trajectories and situating major policy shifts in time and space.
Tuesday, 9 April 2019
After months of insisting that #Article13 doesn't require filters, top EU Commissioner says "Article 13 requires filters"
a post by Cory Doctorow for the Boing Boing blog
The months of debate over Article 13 of the new EU Copyright Directive (passed in a tragicomedy of errors when some MEPs got confused and pushed the wrong buttons), the most contentious issue was whether the rule would require online service providers to spend millions on copyright filters, which are known to be error-prone and the source of mountains of algorithmic censorship, as well as being easily abused by would-be censors who can make false copyright claims with impunity and use them to prevent images, videos, sounds and words from ever appearing on the internet.
Continue reading
The months of debate over Article 13 of the new EU Copyright Directive (passed in a tragicomedy of errors when some MEPs got confused and pushed the wrong buttons), the most contentious issue was whether the rule would require online service providers to spend millions on copyright filters, which are known to be error-prone and the source of mountains of algorithmic censorship, as well as being easily abused by would-be censors who can make false copyright claims with impunity and use them to prevent images, videos, sounds and words from ever appearing on the internet.
Continue reading
Monday, 25 March 2019
Taxing the rich: Compliance and fairness in community-based taxation – lessons from Paris in the middle ages
a column by Al Slivinski and Nathan Sussman for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
The problem of tax compliance is as old as the levying of taxes. Innovations in tax administration that induce high compliance rates at reasonable cost are extremely important to governments.
This column demonstrates how the taille, a tax collection mechanism from medieval Paris, raised compliance by turning the social cost of tax evasion into a private one. It offers a tax collection model that is still relevant to governments today.
Continue reading
The problem of tax compliance is as old as the levying of taxes. Innovations in tax administration that induce high compliance rates at reasonable cost are extremely important to governments.
This column demonstrates how the taille, a tax collection mechanism from medieval Paris, raised compliance by turning the social cost of tax evasion into a private one. It offers a tax collection model that is still relevant to governments today.
Continue reading
Wednesday, 13 March 2019
Preliminary question to the ECJ: Is the breach of a software licence agreement a copyright infringement?
a post by Brad Spitz for the Kluwer Copyright Blog
Following the Paris Court of Appeal judgment of 10 May 2016 (No 14/25055), the French courts have tended to consider that a licensee who breaches the terms of a software licence agreement does not commit copyright infringement, and that general contractual liability applies instead. In the aforementioned case, the Court dismissed the licensor’s (Oracle) claims that its licensee had committed copyright infringement. The case law is nevertheless not entirely clear-cut: in a judgment of 1 September 2015, the Court of Appeal of Versailles ruled that the use of a computer program in breach of a licence agreement does constitute copyright infringement (No 13/08074, SAS Technologies v SAS Infor Global Solutions).
Continue reading
Following the Paris Court of Appeal judgment of 10 May 2016 (No 14/25055), the French courts have tended to consider that a licensee who breaches the terms of a software licence agreement does not commit copyright infringement, and that general contractual liability applies instead. In the aforementioned case, the Court dismissed the licensor’s (Oracle) claims that its licensee had committed copyright infringement. The case law is nevertheless not entirely clear-cut: in a judgment of 1 September 2015, the Court of Appeal of Versailles ruled that the use of a computer program in breach of a licence agreement does constitute copyright infringement (No 13/08074, SAS Technologies v SAS Infor Global Solutions).
Continue reading
Friday, 8 March 2019
Combatting disability discrimination: A comparison of France and Great Britain
an article by Susan Corby and Laura William (University of Greenwich, UK) and Sarah Richard (Ecole de Management, Université de Strasbourg, France) published in European Journal of Industrial Relations Volume 25 Issue 1 (March 2019)
Abstract
This article examines disabled people’s employment in Great Britain and France.
In both countries, they are far less likely to be employed than non-disabled people, but the gap is wider in Britain than in France.
Possible explanations for the wider gap in Britain include weak enforcement mechanisms, judicial resistance and the lack of an institutional role for trade unions, resulting in an implementation gap; while the narrower gap in France may reflect the more proactive legislation, including its quota-levy scheme.
We conclude that these explanations are not mutually exclusive, and we suggest that Britain might consider adopting some French provisions, thus tempering its voluntarist approach.
Abstract
This article examines disabled people’s employment in Great Britain and France.
In both countries, they are far less likely to be employed than non-disabled people, but the gap is wider in Britain than in France.
Possible explanations for the wider gap in Britain include weak enforcement mechanisms, judicial resistance and the lack of an institutional role for trade unions, resulting in an implementation gap; while the narrower gap in France may reflect the more proactive legislation, including its quota-levy scheme.
We conclude that these explanations are not mutually exclusive, and we suggest that Britain might consider adopting some French provisions, thus tempering its voluntarist approach.
Thursday, 31 January 2019
How prices, incomes, and discrimination affect the ways we use time
a column by Daniel Hamermesh and Jeff Biddle for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
People combine goods and time in household production, and theory suggests that as their wage rates rise, they will substitute goods-intensive for time-intensive activities. However, it is not clear how activities that take essentially no, or minimal, amounts of spending, such as sleeping or watching TV, fit into the theory.
This column uses data from time diaries for the US, France, and Germany to demonstrate that not all non-work time is the same, and different components of non-work time respond differently to changing incentives.
Continue reading
People combine goods and time in household production, and theory suggests that as their wage rates rise, they will substitute goods-intensive for time-intensive activities. However, it is not clear how activities that take essentially no, or minimal, amounts of spending, such as sleeping or watching TV, fit into the theory.
This column uses data from time diaries for the US, France, and Germany to demonstrate that not all non-work time is the same, and different components of non-work time respond differently to changing incentives.
Continue reading
Friday, 14 December 2018
Voter bias and women in politics: Evidence from French parliamentary elections
a column by Thomas Le Barbanchon and Julien Sauvagnat for VOX: CEOR’s Policy Portal
Despite many efforts to close the gender gap, women remain underrepresented in politics.
This column shows that in the case of France, voters’ preferences towards gender shapes political selection and ultimately the gender composition of elected politicians. This suggests that gender parity in policymaking relies on improving the slow-changing attitudes of voters towards male and female political candidates.
Continue reading
Despite many efforts to close the gender gap, women remain underrepresented in politics.
This column shows that in the case of France, voters’ preferences towards gender shapes political selection and ultimately the gender composition of elected politicians. This suggests that gender parity in policymaking relies on improving the slow-changing attitudes of voters towards male and female political candidates.
Continue reading
Monday, 29 January 2018
Consequences of increased media competition
a column by Julia Cagé for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
Conventional wisdom holds that more media competition makes citizens more informed, and that it improves the functioning of democracies. This column tests this claim using data on local newspaper circulation in France. It finds that increased media competition leads to business stealing and to a decrease in the coverage of public affairs news by local newspapers. It also has a negative impact on local election turnout. While competition is key to the quality of the media environment, the results highlight that more media competition is not necessarily socially efficient.
Continue reading
Conventional wisdom holds that more media competition makes citizens more informed, and that it improves the functioning of democracies. This column tests this claim using data on local newspaper circulation in France. It finds that increased media competition leads to business stealing and to a decrease in the coverage of public affairs news by local newspapers. It also has a negative impact on local election turnout. While competition is key to the quality of the media environment, the results highlight that more media competition is not necessarily socially efficient.
Continue reading
Friday, 8 December 2017
Assessing the incidence of value-added taxes
a column by Youssef Benzarti and Dorian Carloni for VOX: CEPR&rsquos Policy Portal
In the wake of the Global Crisis, some governments sought to stimulate demand through VAT cuts. This column assesses the success of these measures by investigating who benefited from a VAT cut on sit-down restaurant meals in France. The results show that restaurant owners captured the lions’ share of the tax cut, while employees and consumers benefited substantially less. Further, following subsequent tax increases, restaurant owners increased their prices by four to five times more than they had decreased their prices following the original cut.
Continue reading
In the wake of the Global Crisis, some governments sought to stimulate demand through VAT cuts. This column assesses the success of these measures by investigating who benefited from a VAT cut on sit-down restaurant meals in France. The results show that restaurant owners captured the lions’ share of the tax cut, while employees and consumers benefited substantially less. Further, following subsequent tax increases, restaurant owners increased their prices by four to five times more than they had decreased their prices following the original cut.
Continue reading
Thursday, 8 June 2017
Skillset and match (Cedefop’s magazine promoting learning for work) – May 2017 issue 10
The May 2017 issue of Skillset and match, Cedefop’s magazine promoting learning for work, is now available to read and download.
In this issue, we present the findings of the first Cedefop opinion survey on vocational education and training (VET) in Europe.
Malta’s Minister for Education Evarist Bartolo, whose country holds the rotating EU Presidency in the first semester of 2017, tells us that education must be considered strategic investment to human capital.
Cedefop Deputy Director Mara Brugia writes about the roots of today’s European VET policy in the Treaty of Rome, as 2017 marks the 60th anniversary of the treaty that laid the foundation of the European Union.
Also, don’t miss articles on:
- VET in the 21st century;
- skills and employment for refugees and asylum seekers; and
- skill mismatch in the European labour market.
And, as usual, you can browse through the latest Cedefop publications and upcoming events.
It is all here
Thursday, 5 January 2017
Defying the Commission: Creative Compliance and Respect for the Rule of Law in the EU
an article by Agnes Batory (Central European University, Hungary) published in Public Administration Volume 94 Issue 3
(September 2016)
Abstract
This article investigates how and to what extent member states comply with EU obligations in terms of process and outcome. The aim is to demonstrate how norm-conform behaviour unfolds, or fails to unfold, in an interaction between a member state and the European Commission.
The empirical focus is on recent rule of law crises in France, Hungary and Romania.
The argument is that member states engage in symbolic and/or creative compliance, designed to create the appearance of norm-conform behaviour without giving up their original objectives. The cases illustrate that creative and symbolic compliance strategies may be successfully employed by member states because they enable the Commission to disengage from conflicts it judges too costly and yet maintain its credibility, and are conditioned by the visibility of failure to change facts on the ground.
The implication is that, at times, not only is compliance symbolic, but also to some extent is enforcement.
Full text (HTML)
Abstract
This article investigates how and to what extent member states comply with EU obligations in terms of process and outcome. The aim is to demonstrate how norm-conform behaviour unfolds, or fails to unfold, in an interaction between a member state and the European Commission.
The empirical focus is on recent rule of law crises in France, Hungary and Romania.
The argument is that member states engage in symbolic and/or creative compliance, designed to create the appearance of norm-conform behaviour without giving up their original objectives. The cases illustrate that creative and symbolic compliance strategies may be successfully employed by member states because they enable the Commission to disengage from conflicts it judges too costly and yet maintain its credibility, and are conditioned by the visibility of failure to change facts on the ground.
The implication is that, at times, not only is compliance symbolic, but also to some extent is enforcement.
Full text (HTML)
Friday, 2 December 2016
Playing games at the Library: Seriously?
an article by Cécile Swiatek (Université Paris II Panthéon Assas, France) and Myriam Gorsse (Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris) published in Liber Quarterly: The Journal of the Association of European Research Libraries Volume 26 Number 2 (2016)
Abstract
During the past ten years, libraries have been developing gaming activities from library board games to mystery games and immersive role-playing games. This article aims at giving a general overview of gaming issues in French academic libraries.
General gaming theories are quickly reviewed, basic keys are given about how and why to set up a gaming service and department at the academic library, concrete and recent initiatives are presented.
This article focuses on non-virtual and public-oriented games that were already organised in and by libraries. More generally, it underlines how to use gaming activities for promoting organisational innovation.
It concludes on the necessity to settle a strategy for gaming activities, to enforce management practices, and on the importance to publicise the initiatives by establishing a public gaming policy and programme, and by formalising communication plans, staff training and knowledge management. The results of this fact study highlight how gaming activities are becoming a new reality for libraries, which requires a proper management perspective.
Full text (HTML)
Abstract
During the past ten years, libraries have been developing gaming activities from library board games to mystery games and immersive role-playing games. This article aims at giving a general overview of gaming issues in French academic libraries.
General gaming theories are quickly reviewed, basic keys are given about how and why to set up a gaming service and department at the academic library, concrete and recent initiatives are presented.
This article focuses on non-virtual and public-oriented games that were already organised in and by libraries. More generally, it underlines how to use gaming activities for promoting organisational innovation.
It concludes on the necessity to settle a strategy for gaming activities, to enforce management practices, and on the importance to publicise the initiatives by establishing a public gaming policy and programme, and by formalising communication plans, staff training and knowledge management. The results of this fact study highlight how gaming activities are becoming a new reality for libraries, which requires a proper management perspective.
Full text (HTML)
Tuesday, 11 June 2013
The moral economy of contemporary working-class adolescence: managing symbolic capital in a French public ‘Adolescent Centre’
an article by Isabelle Coutant (Iris, CNRS) and Jean-Sébastien Eideliman (CeRIES, Lille 3 University) published in The British Journal of Sociology Volume 64 Issue 2 (June 2013)
Abstract
Working-class adolescents of French urban peripheries are key figures in a new social debate that reactivates the nineteenth century spectre of ‘dangerous’ classes to be controlled. Since the 1990s, French social counselling has privileged two modalities of response: taking account of suffering and government by listening and speech.
We hypothesise that the contemporary moral economy allows for social interactions that go beyond social control and institutional domination. This is partly because professionals engaged in this moral undertaking may keep a critical distance, and partly because the concerned populations aren’t necessarily devoid of resources to advance their interests or incapable of resistance. The concept of moral economy, coupled with the ethnographic method, is heuristic for fully comprehending the complexity of these issues and their stakes.
Our fieldwork was centred on a French Adolescent Centre in an impoverished commune in Paris’s periphery, from January 2010 through March 2011. These institutions were established in the early 2000s to respond to adolescent ‘suffering’ by crossing social work and psychiatry. Adolescents, parents, and other institutions (especially schools) solicit the professionally diverse staff for assistance, which in turn may take on cases and/or make referrals to other support institutions.
By paying attention to all the scenes upon which the story of a counselled adolescent evolves, and bearing more general social evolutions in mind by applying the concept of moral economy, we can consider the multiplicity of seemingly contradictory processes as a whole.
We see the destabilisation of parents and their loss of symbolic capital, partly due to the norms of contemporary parenthood and partly due to the stigmatisation of working-class adolescence. But we also discern possibilities for expressing sentiments of injustice and humiliation, for increasing symbolic capital, and in some cases a reappropriation of the system, particularly in trajectories marked by a will for social ascension.
Abstract
Working-class adolescents of French urban peripheries are key figures in a new social debate that reactivates the nineteenth century spectre of ‘dangerous’ classes to be controlled. Since the 1990s, French social counselling has privileged two modalities of response: taking account of suffering and government by listening and speech.
We hypothesise that the contemporary moral economy allows for social interactions that go beyond social control and institutional domination. This is partly because professionals engaged in this moral undertaking may keep a critical distance, and partly because the concerned populations aren’t necessarily devoid of resources to advance their interests or incapable of resistance. The concept of moral economy, coupled with the ethnographic method, is heuristic for fully comprehending the complexity of these issues and their stakes.
Our fieldwork was centred on a French Adolescent Centre in an impoverished commune in Paris’s periphery, from January 2010 through March 2011. These institutions were established in the early 2000s to respond to adolescent ‘suffering’ by crossing social work and psychiatry. Adolescents, parents, and other institutions (especially schools) solicit the professionally diverse staff for assistance, which in turn may take on cases and/or make referrals to other support institutions.
By paying attention to all the scenes upon which the story of a counselled adolescent evolves, and bearing more general social evolutions in mind by applying the concept of moral economy, we can consider the multiplicity of seemingly contradictory processes as a whole.
We see the destabilisation of parents and their loss of symbolic capital, partly due to the norms of contemporary parenthood and partly due to the stigmatisation of working-class adolescence. But we also discern possibilities for expressing sentiments of injustice and humiliation, for increasing symbolic capital, and in some cases a reappropriation of the system, particularly in trajectories marked by a will for social ascension.
Wednesday, 15 May 2013
Strategic contextualisation: free movement, labour migration policies and the governance of foreign workers in Europe
an article by Regine Paul (Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences, Universität Bremen, Germany) published in Policy Studies Volume 34 Issue 2 (2013)
Abstract
Heightened levels of internal labour mobility since the European Union (EU)’s Eastern enlargements in 2004 and 2007 have shifted the context for member state policies geared towards the admission of non-EU workers.
This article contends that the strategic use of the internal mobility régime by member states, as a justification for selective recruitment of labour from outside the EU, deserves more analytical attention.
This contribution examines how labour migration policies (LMP) in the United Kingdom, France and Germany make use of the EU free-movement framework in current legislation, and how associated policy rationales are justified.
In an interpretive policy analysis of legislative documents and decision-makers’ meaning-making, as related in semi-structured interviews, the article identifies the logics, tools and rationales which link LMP to EU free movement. These links are shown to be highly selective and they serve common as well as nationally distinct governance goals.
Across all three cases LMPs ascribe various degrees of relevance to EU internal labour supply, depending on the different skill levels of migrants targeted in respective policies. This shared pattern of economic coordination of LMP by skill level – in which the EU common labour market plays the role of delimiting additional migration in the skilled and especially low-skilled segments – is conflated with national migration control agendas.
Member states draw on EU free movement to justify migration restrictions targeted at specific sending countries. As a result, the governance of the foreign workforce produces skills- and origin-based privileges rather than granting rights to mobile migrant workers in Europe.
Abstract
Heightened levels of internal labour mobility since the European Union (EU)’s Eastern enlargements in 2004 and 2007 have shifted the context for member state policies geared towards the admission of non-EU workers.
This article contends that the strategic use of the internal mobility régime by member states, as a justification for selective recruitment of labour from outside the EU, deserves more analytical attention.
This contribution examines how labour migration policies (LMP) in the United Kingdom, France and Germany make use of the EU free-movement framework in current legislation, and how associated policy rationales are justified.
In an interpretive policy analysis of legislative documents and decision-makers’ meaning-making, as related in semi-structured interviews, the article identifies the logics, tools and rationales which link LMP to EU free movement. These links are shown to be highly selective and they serve common as well as nationally distinct governance goals.
Across all three cases LMPs ascribe various degrees of relevance to EU internal labour supply, depending on the different skill levels of migrants targeted in respective policies. This shared pattern of economic coordination of LMP by skill level – in which the EU common labour market plays the role of delimiting additional migration in the skilled and especially low-skilled segments – is conflated with national migration control agendas.
Member states draw on EU free movement to justify migration restrictions targeted at specific sending countries. As a result, the governance of the foreign workforce produces skills- and origin-based privileges rather than granting rights to mobile migrant workers in Europe.
Monday, 24 September 2012
Radical political unionism in France and Britain: A comparative study of SUD-Rail and the RMT
an article by Heather Connolly (De Montfort University) and Ralph Darlington (University of Salford) published in European Journal of Industrial Relations Volume 18 Number 3 (September 2012)
Abstract
Many recent pessimistic academic assessments of the prospects for the revival of European trade unionism fail adequately to capture evidence of continuing union resilience and combativity in certain areas of employment.
An example is the distinctive and relatively successful form of highly militant and politicised trade unionism which has emerged in both the French and British railway sectors over the last 10 years. This has involved the repeated mobilisation of members through strike action, combined with vigorous left-wing ideological opposition to both employers and government, as the pathway both to both advancing workers’ interests and to revitalising union organization.
This article provides a comparative analysis of SUD-Rail and the RMT, documenting the dynamics, causes, effectiveness, limits and potential of such ‘radical political unionism’ and considers its implications for debates about union renewal.
Abstract
Many recent pessimistic academic assessments of the prospects for the revival of European trade unionism fail adequately to capture evidence of continuing union resilience and combativity in certain areas of employment.
An example is the distinctive and relatively successful form of highly militant and politicised trade unionism which has emerged in both the French and British railway sectors over the last 10 years. This has involved the repeated mobilisation of members through strike action, combined with vigorous left-wing ideological opposition to both employers and government, as the pathway both to both advancing workers’ interests and to revitalising union organization.
This article provides a comparative analysis of SUD-Rail and the RMT, documenting the dynamics, causes, effectiveness, limits and potential of such ‘radical political unionism’ and considers its implications for debates about union renewal.
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