For the past two years, global growth outcomes and prospects have steadily deteriorated, while investment growth has collapsed. This is particularly the case in Europe.
This column argues that reducing policy uncertainty, rethinking fiscal policy, and acting vigorously to address the challenges raised by digitalisation, climate change, and persistent inequalities all have the potential to reverse the current slippery trend and lift investment and living standards.
Figure 4 Geographical distribution of 2018 R&D spending, by sector and among new global leading firms (%)
Source: EIB calculations based on EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard.
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