“Human Immunodeficiency Virus” by Typographyimages. CC0 via Pixabay.
HIV prevention is now focused on finding at least 90% of the existing cases, putting at least 90% of those people in HIV treatment, and keeping the virus from multiplying in the body among 90% of those people retained in care (known as durable viral suppression). Despite these admirable goals, known as the United Nations’ “90-90-90” programme, HIV transmission rates have not declined since 2011. “The power of prevention is not being realized”, said Michel Sidibé, executive director of UNAIDS, in 2016. “If there is resurgence in new HIV infections now, the epidemic will become impossible to control. The world needs to take urgent and immediate action to close the prevention gap.”
The Prevention Gap Report issued by UNAIDS in 2016 provided a sobering set of statistics. Only about 38% of people living with HIV experience enough treatment success to be classified as being virally suppressed, and the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as an HIV prevention strategy is not easily applied outside the confines of clinical trials. Current use of PrEPs is less than 5% of the 2020 goal.
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