a column by Michael Darden and Nicholas W. Papageorge for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
When people lack options to manage pain many choose to ‘self-medicate’, turning to substances that are dangerous and ‘off label’ in an effort to seek relief.
This column tests a theory of rational self-medication in the context of alcohol and depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which were approved in the US in the mid-1980s, appear to have had an indirect benefit by reducing the consumption of alcohol as an alternative form of self-medication for depression.
The findings illustrate the importance of considering the behavioural ramifications of new medication and therapy.
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Showing posts with label alcohol_use. Show all posts
Showing posts with label alcohol_use. Show all posts
Friday, 8 March 2019
Tuesday, 9 April 2013
Does Unemployment Lead to Greater Alcohol Consumption?
an article by Ioana Popovici (Nova Southeastern University, USA) and Michael T. French (University of Miami, USA) published in Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society Volume 52 Issue 2 (April 2013)
Abstract
Using panel data from Waves 1 and 2 of the NESARC {National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions}, we estimate gender-specific effects of changes in employment status on overall alcohol consumption, binge-drinking episodes, and a diagnosis of alcohol abuse and/or dependence.
We employ various fixed-effects models to address potential bias from unobserved and time-invariant individual heterogeneity.
All results show a positive and significant effect of unemployment on drinking behaviours, and the findings are robust to numerous sensitivity tests. Perhaps, macroeconomic policy decisions intended to stimulate the economy during economic downturns should also consider the avoided personal costs and externalities associated with alcohol misuse.
Abstract
Using panel data from Waves 1 and 2 of the NESARC {National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions}, we estimate gender-specific effects of changes in employment status on overall alcohol consumption, binge-drinking episodes, and a diagnosis of alcohol abuse and/or dependence.
We employ various fixed-effects models to address potential bias from unobserved and time-invariant individual heterogeneity.
All results show a positive and significant effect of unemployment on drinking behaviours, and the findings are robust to numerous sensitivity tests. Perhaps, macroeconomic policy decisions intended to stimulate the economy during economic downturns should also consider the avoided personal costs and externalities associated with alcohol misuse.
Thursday, 6 December 2012
An Association Between Bullying Behaviors and Alcohol Use Among Middle School Students
an article by Neta Peleg-Oren, Gabriel A. Cardenas and Mary Comerford (University of Miami) and Sandro Galea (Columbia University) published in The Journal of Early Adolescence Volume 32 Number 6 (December 2012)
Abstract
Although a high prevalence of bullying behaviors among adolescents has been documented, little is known about the association between bullying behaviors and alcohol use among perpetrators or victims.
This study used data from a representative two-stage cluster random sample of 44, 532 middle school adolescents in Florida. We found a high prevalence of bullying behaviors (30% physical, 52% verbal, 12% cyber). A higher proportion of students (21%) who were involved in any type of bullying behavior used alcohol than students who were not involved (13%). Students involved in bullying behaviors as perpetrators or victims were significantly more likely to have used alcohol in the past-30-days than students who were not involved in bullying.
Results suggest that bullying behaviors may be associated with alcohol use and that early evaluation of bullying behavior may be important as part of alcohol-use prevention programs among young adolescents.
Abstract
Although a high prevalence of bullying behaviors among adolescents has been documented, little is known about the association between bullying behaviors and alcohol use among perpetrators or victims.
This study used data from a representative two-stage cluster random sample of 44, 532 middle school adolescents in Florida. We found a high prevalence of bullying behaviors (30% physical, 52% verbal, 12% cyber). A higher proportion of students (21%) who were involved in any type of bullying behavior used alcohol than students who were not involved (13%). Students involved in bullying behaviors as perpetrators or victims were significantly more likely to have used alcohol in the past-30-days than students who were not involved in bullying.
Results suggest that bullying behaviors may be associated with alcohol use and that early evaluation of bullying behavior may be important as part of alcohol-use prevention programs among young adolescents.
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