an article by Zoharah Omar, Steven Eric Krauss, Rahim M. Sail and Ismi Arif Ismail (Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia) published in Education + Training Volume 53 Issue 7 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore objective and subjective career success and to identify factors contributing to career success among a sample of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) “late bloomers” working in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
Incorporating a mixed method design, the authors quantitatively surveyed 86 TVET graduates from two multinational companies, followed by in-depth qualitative interviews with five high-performing “late bloomer” TVET graduates.
Findings
Quantitative results indicate that the respondents progressed in their careers both in terms of salary and promotions, while most were satisfied with their careers and felt that they were internally and externally marketable. Qualitative findings indicate that the success of the late bloomers was the result of a perceived good fit between an individual's strengths and the organization's ability to compensate, motivate and support the individuals in their career progression.
Research limitations/implications
The limited sample size employed can only provide initial insights into career success levels and contributing factors of career success. The results may spur larger scale research on career success of TVET graduates in Malaysia and the neighbouring region.
Practical implications
The paper provides important initial findings on the technical and vocational career line as an alternative pathway for Malaysian youth, particularly school leavers and underachievers, to achieve career success and enhanced social inclusion through higher salaries, job status and educational attainment.
Originality/value
The paper highlights the unexplored potential of career success as a facilitator of educational attainment and social inclusion, rather than the traditional path of educational attainment first, followed by career success.
Thursday, 13 October 2011
Wednesday, 12 October 2011
Preserving Records in the Cloud
an article by Jan Askhoj, Shigeo Sugimoto and Mitsuharu Nagamori (University of Tsukuba) published in Records Management Journal Volume 21 Issue 3 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics of managing records in a cloud computing environment and compare these with existing archiving models, exemplified by the OAIS reference model.
Design/methodology/approach
We compare the functional entities in OAIS with a layered model of cloud computing, in which services are abstracted and shared between layers. We conclude that there are a number of areas where OAIS does not integrate well with cloud computing systems.
Findings
Based on our findings, we define a new layered model for a cloud archiving system using the concepts and information types from the OAIS reference model. The proposed model allows the sharing of functionality and information objects by making them available as services to higher layers. The model covers the entire document lifecycle, making archive functionality such as preservation planning possible at an early stage and helping to simplify records transfer.
Research limitations/implications
We believe that our model provides a simple, OAIS compatible approach to representing how digital objects and necessary metadata can be transferred from content creation systems to archives systems.
Originality/value
Whereas a lot of research has been done on the technical aspects of cloud storage, there is a lack of focus on how to comprehensively integrate records transfer and preservation in cloud systems.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics of managing records in a cloud computing environment and compare these with existing archiving models, exemplified by the OAIS reference model.
Design/methodology/approach
We compare the functional entities in OAIS with a layered model of cloud computing, in which services are abstracted and shared between layers. We conclude that there are a number of areas where OAIS does not integrate well with cloud computing systems.
Findings
Based on our findings, we define a new layered model for a cloud archiving system using the concepts and information types from the OAIS reference model. The proposed model allows the sharing of functionality and information objects by making them available as services to higher layers. The model covers the entire document lifecycle, making archive functionality such as preservation planning possible at an early stage and helping to simplify records transfer.
Research limitations/implications
We believe that our model provides a simple, OAIS compatible approach to representing how digital objects and necessary metadata can be transferred from content creation systems to archives systems.
Originality/value
Whereas a lot of research has been done on the technical aspects of cloud storage, there is a lack of focus on how to comprehensively integrate records transfer and preservation in cloud systems.
Social networks, age cohorts and employment
an article by Kaberi Gayen, (Department of Mass Communication and Journalism, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh), Ronald McQuaid, (Employment Research Institute, Edinburgh Napier University) and Robert Raeside, (School of Accounting, Economics and Statistics, Edinburgh Napier University) published in International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy Volume 30 Issue 5/6 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association of social networks with being in work, contrasting those under age 50 with those over 50 years.
Design/methodology/approach
A case study is undertaken of a local labour market in Scotland. Data were collected by interview using a semi-structured questionnaire from 194 people divided into four groups. Data include information on individuals' socio-economic characteristics and on their networks. A four-way comparison is made by age and employment status.
Findings
Those in work have denser social networks populated with members with higher social and human capital. For those over 50 years, the more contacts one has with higher prestige employment positions (a proxy for social capital), and the stronger the ties with these contacts, the more likely that one is to be in employment. For those under 50 years, their own qualifications and the number of contacts are important.
Research limitations/implications
This work adds to both research on employability and social networks.
Social implications
The over 50s tend to be the age group that is most likely to be not in employment and as populations age there is a need to ensure that barriers to employment against those over 50 are reduced. Finding routes to reduce unemployment will also help combat social exclusion.
Originality/value
This is in the combination of a social network approach with age cohort analysis to give insight into how social capital is associated with being in employment.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association of social networks with being in work, contrasting those under age 50 with those over 50 years.
Design/methodology/approach
A case study is undertaken of a local labour market in Scotland. Data were collected by interview using a semi-structured questionnaire from 194 people divided into four groups. Data include information on individuals' socio-economic characteristics and on their networks. A four-way comparison is made by age and employment status.
Findings
Those in work have denser social networks populated with members with higher social and human capital. For those over 50 years, the more contacts one has with higher prestige employment positions (a proxy for social capital), and the stronger the ties with these contacts, the more likely that one is to be in employment. For those under 50 years, their own qualifications and the number of contacts are important.
Research limitations/implications
This work adds to both research on employability and social networks.
Social implications
The over 50s tend to be the age group that is most likely to be not in employment and as populations age there is a need to ensure that barriers to employment against those over 50 are reduced. Finding routes to reduce unemployment will also help combat social exclusion.
Originality/value
This is in the combination of a social network approach with age cohort analysis to give insight into how social capital is associated with being in employment.
Tuesday, 11 October 2011
What do tattoo artists know about HRM? Recruitment and selection in the body art sector
an article by Andrew R. Timming (Manchester Business School) published in Employee Relations Volume 33 Issue 5 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the recruitment and selection procedures employed in the body art sector.
Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative interviews were conducted with the owners/managers of eight body art studios located across the USA and the UK.
Findings
The results suggest that recruitment and selection in the body art sector is characteristically informal and instinctive. It was also found that the use of formal methods of recruitment and selection in one of the case studies appeared to enhance difficulties in attracting and retaining talent.
Practical/implications
The research corroborates the argument that smaller firms employ HRM strategies that are distinct from larger firms. But, more importantly, it also suggests that firm size could be a red herring in light of the various other factors that simultaneously influence HR service delivery.
Originality/value
This paper explores HRM practices in a hitherto unstudied sector of the economy. It also adds another layer of complexity to the academic debates surrounding HRM in small- and medium-sized enterprises.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the recruitment and selection procedures employed in the body art sector.
Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative interviews were conducted with the owners/managers of eight body art studios located across the USA and the UK.
Findings
The results suggest that recruitment and selection in the body art sector is characteristically informal and instinctive. It was also found that the use of formal methods of recruitment and selection in one of the case studies appeared to enhance difficulties in attracting and retaining talent.
Practical/implications
The research corroborates the argument that smaller firms employ HRM strategies that are distinct from larger firms. But, more importantly, it also suggests that firm size could be a red herring in light of the various other factors that simultaneously influence HR service delivery.
Originality/value
This paper explores HRM practices in a hitherto unstudied sector of the economy. It also adds another layer of complexity to the academic debates surrounding HRM in small- and medium-sized enterprises.
Prosocial behaviour in avatar-mediated interaction: the influence of character gender on material versus emotional help-giving
an article by Mika Lehdonvirta (PhD candidate at the University of Tokyo), Vili Lehdonvirta (Visiting Scholar at the University of Tokyo and a Researcher at the Helsinki Institute for Information Technology) and Akira Baba, (Professor at the University of Tokyo) published in On the Horizon Volume 19 Issue 3 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
Research on prosocial behaviour shows that help-giving differs between the sexes. Gender role theory posits that males specialise in material aid, while females specialise in emotional support. Today, people increasingly help and support each other via online environments. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the genders of avatars used in online interactions influence help-giving behaviour in similar ways as physical sex does in face-to-face situations.
Design/methodology/approach
An empirical study was conducted using a unique observational data set from a Japanese massively-multiplayer online game. Instances of help-giving were identified from conversation logs, coded, and analysed statistically to discover differences between male and female avatars and different help types.
Findings
Avatar gender is found to influence help-giving in ways that deviate from expected gender roles: female avatars are more likely than males to provide assistance in the form of material support and labour, and no more likely than males to provide emotional support. Female avatars are more likely to give help to male avatars than other females. The results are explained using behavioural confirmation and self-perception theory.
Research limitations/implications
Physical sex was not controlled for, but most players were male. The study should be repeated in other environments.
Practical implications
The results suggest that designers can prime users towards prosocial behaviours by tuning the available line-up of avatars.
Originality/value
The research question and use of observational data are novel. The study is valuable to online educators, companies seeking to reduce customer support costs through peer help, and policymakers dealing with ICTs and societal change.
Abstract
Purpose
Research on prosocial behaviour shows that help-giving differs between the sexes. Gender role theory posits that males specialise in material aid, while females specialise in emotional support. Today, people increasingly help and support each other via online environments. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the genders of avatars used in online interactions influence help-giving behaviour in similar ways as physical sex does in face-to-face situations.
Design/methodology/approach
An empirical study was conducted using a unique observational data set from a Japanese massively-multiplayer online game. Instances of help-giving were identified from conversation logs, coded, and analysed statistically to discover differences between male and female avatars and different help types.
Findings
Avatar gender is found to influence help-giving in ways that deviate from expected gender roles: female avatars are more likely than males to provide assistance in the form of material support and labour, and no more likely than males to provide emotional support. Female avatars are more likely to give help to male avatars than other females. The results are explained using behavioural confirmation and self-perception theory.
Research limitations/implications
Physical sex was not controlled for, but most players were male. The study should be repeated in other environments.
Practical implications
The results suggest that designers can prime users towards prosocial behaviours by tuning the available line-up of avatars.
Originality/value
The research question and use of observational data are novel. The study is valuable to online educators, companies seeking to reduce customer support costs through peer help, and policymakers dealing with ICTs and societal change.
Relationship and role transformations in social media environments
an article by Hazel Hall, (Centre for Social Informatics, Edinburgh Napier University) published in The Electronic Library Volume 29 Issue 4 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks to challenge how librarians conceive a number of relationships – between themselves, social media tools, and end-users, and to argue that this determines the boundaries of service innovation.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper develops themes and ideas derived from research projects on deployment of social media by library and information professionals completed within the Centre for Social Informatics at Edinburgh Napier University.
Findings
Librarians currently demonstrate more sophisticated use of social media for personal professional purposes than for services delivery; a number of challenges currently limit the extent to which librarians are able to exploit social media to full advantage; fuller exploitation of social media is possible when librarians transfer the good practice exhibited in personal professional use to applications for services delivery; service innovations are considered before tools; and end users are treated as collaborating clients rather than consuming customers.
Originality/value
The paper is of interest to those keen to take advantage of the opportunities offered by social media that extend beyond replicating existing service delivery.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks to challenge how librarians conceive a number of relationships – between themselves, social media tools, and end-users, and to argue that this determines the boundaries of service innovation.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper develops themes and ideas derived from research projects on deployment of social media by library and information professionals completed within the Centre for Social Informatics at Edinburgh Napier University.
Findings
Librarians currently demonstrate more sophisticated use of social media for personal professional purposes than for services delivery; a number of challenges currently limit the extent to which librarians are able to exploit social media to full advantage; fuller exploitation of social media is possible when librarians transfer the good practice exhibited in personal professional use to applications for services delivery; service innovations are considered before tools; and end users are treated as collaborating clients rather than consuming customers.
Originality/value
The paper is of interest to those keen to take advantage of the opportunities offered by social media that extend beyond replicating existing service delivery.
Monday, 10 October 2011
Improving the process of career decision making: an action research approach
an article by Paul Greenbank, (Teaching and Learning Development Unit, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk) published in Education + Training Volume 53 Issue 4 (2011)
Abstract
Purpose
This study adopts an action research approach with the aim of improving the process of career decision making among undergraduates in a business school at a “new” university in the UK.
Design/methodology/approach
The study utilised unfreezing techniques, multiple case studies in conjunction with the principle of analogical encoding, and lecture input to influence the values underpinning the way students intend to engage in the process of career decision making. The paper draws on evidence collected over three cycles of an action research project and from different data sources, i.e. questionnaires, interviews and observations.
Findings
The study found that students from working class and middle class backgrounds exhibited similar types of career decision making behaviour. The students tended not to have a future orientation; they relied on informally absorbed information and their intuition rather than rational approaches to decision making; and they demonstrated an unwillingness to be instrumental and operate as “players”. The series of interventions (i.e. the unfreezing exercise, the case studies and the lecture input) resulted in shifts in attitude to career decision making and preparation, particularly for those students who engaged in all three stages of the intervention The unfreezing exercise was seen as particularly important in encouraging students to critically reflect on their career decision making.
Originality/value
This research provides new insights into the factors influencing the way undergraduates approach career decision making. It also provides suggestions for encouraging students to critically reflect on how they make career decisions and prepare for the transition to the graduate labour market.
Abstract
Purpose
This study adopts an action research approach with the aim of improving the process of career decision making among undergraduates in a business school at a “new” university in the UK.
Design/methodology/approach
The study utilised unfreezing techniques, multiple case studies in conjunction with the principle of analogical encoding, and lecture input to influence the values underpinning the way students intend to engage in the process of career decision making. The paper draws on evidence collected over three cycles of an action research project and from different data sources, i.e. questionnaires, interviews and observations.
Findings
The study found that students from working class and middle class backgrounds exhibited similar types of career decision making behaviour. The students tended not to have a future orientation; they relied on informally absorbed information and their intuition rather than rational approaches to decision making; and they demonstrated an unwillingness to be instrumental and operate as “players”. The series of interventions (i.e. the unfreezing exercise, the case studies and the lecture input) resulted in shifts in attitude to career decision making and preparation, particularly for those students who engaged in all three stages of the intervention The unfreezing exercise was seen as particularly important in encouraging students to critically reflect on their career decision making.
Originality/value
This research provides new insights into the factors influencing the way undergraduates approach career decision making. It also provides suggestions for encouraging students to critically reflect on how they make career decisions and prepare for the transition to the graduate labour market.
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