a column by Sascha O. Becker, Ana Fernandes and Doris Weichselbaumer for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
The arrival of a child affects women and men differently in terms of labour market outcomes, but it is difficult to separate out the causal impact of discrimination from other factors.
This column uses empirical evidence from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria to show that women are most affected in part-time job applications if they signal a ‘risk’ of having young children soon.
Continue reading
Hazel’s comment
I would normally leave it to you to decide if you want to read the whole article but I do arge anyone with an interest in gendered employment issues to do so.
Yes, it does state the obvious (to me) but it also provides a wealth of statistical evidence.
Showing posts with label jobs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label jobs. Show all posts
Monday, 10 June 2019
Friday, 22 March 2019
Work of the past, work of the future
a column by David Autor for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
Labour markets in US cities today are vastly more educated and skill-intensive than they were 50 years ago, but urban non-college workers now perform much less skilled work than they did.
This column shows that automation and international trade have eliminated many of the mid-skilled non-college jobs that were disproportionately based in cities.
This has contributed to a secular fall in real non-college wages.
Continue reading
Labour markets in US cities today are vastly more educated and skill-intensive than they were 50 years ago, but urban non-college workers now perform much less skilled work than they did.
This column shows that automation and international trade have eliminated many of the mid-skilled non-college jobs that were disproportionately based in cities.
This has contributed to a secular fall in real non-college wages.
Continue reading
Tuesday, 27 November 2018
The changing nature of work
a column by Simeon Djankov and Federica Saliola for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
Over the last century, technology has created more jobs than it has displaced.
This column presents an overview of ways in which technology and innovation are changing the nature of work, leading to demand for advanced cognitive skills and greater adaptability among workers. The rise of platform marketplaces is also changing the way people work and the terms on which they work, which requires a rethinking of social protection systems.
Continue reading
Over the last century, technology has created more jobs than it has displaced.
This column presents an overview of ways in which technology and innovation are changing the nature of work, leading to demand for advanced cognitive skills and greater adaptability among workers. The rise of platform marketplaces is also changing the way people work and the terms on which they work, which requires a rethinking of social protection systems.
Continue reading
Thursday, 1 March 2018
Job seekers react to market incentives: Implications for labour market policies
a column by Benjamin Villena-Roldán and Stefano Banfi for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
Researchers often pick a random or a directed search model based on convenience and theoretical implications, but distinguishing between the two is important as many labour market regulations may be welfare-improving under random search, but not under directed search.
This column uses data from Chile to show that job-seekers respond to information posted by employers, suggesting that policy design should consider the prescriptions of directed search models. However, the evidence also shows that relevant features of these markets are not well captured by existing models.
Continue reading
Researchers often pick a random or a directed search model based on convenience and theoretical implications, but distinguishing between the two is important as many labour market regulations may be welfare-improving under random search, but not under directed search.
This column uses data from Chile to show that job-seekers respond to information posted by employers, suggesting that policy design should consider the prescriptions of directed search models. However, the evidence also shows that relevant features of these markets are not well captured by existing models.
Continue reading
Friday, 28 February 2014
Condition of Britain briefing 2: Growing up and becoming an adult
an IPPR paper by Kayte Lawton (published November 2013)
This second briefing paper to be published as part of IPPR’ s Condition of Britain programme focusses on young people in their teens and early twenties. This phase of life has become, for many, more difficult and insecure in recent decades, and in this paper we consider the societal shifts that have made today’s young people less able to rely on support from stable families, clear routes into work, and opportunities to put down roots by buying a home of their own.
While Britain’s young people are, on the whole, optimistic, resourceful and ambitious, their path to adulthood has grown both longer and more insecure. Changes in family life have made it more difficult for young people to develop the character and emotional resilience they need to become happy and productive adults. The labour market and the education and benefits systems are failing a large number of young people who need more meaningful qualifications and greater assistance with securing decent jobs. What’s more, all young people deserve to benefit from a sustainable and affordable homeownership, and a better and more secure rental market.
Among the questions this paper asks are:
Presenting evidence and testimonies from a variety of sources and stakeholders, and this briefing paper offers an overview of the issues facing Britain’s young people, and outlines how we need to rethink both what society expects of young people, and what young people should expect of society.
The five briefing papers in this series are brought together with a new introduction by Nick Pearce, Graeme Cooke and Kayte Lawton in the Condition of Britain interim report, published in December 2013.
Full text (PDF 14pp) http://www.ippr.org/images/media/files/publication/2013/11/Condition-of-Britain-brief02-Growing-up_Nov2013_11487.pdf
This second briefing paper to be published as part of IPPR’ s Condition of Britain programme focusses on young people in their teens and early twenties. This phase of life has become, for many, more difficult and insecure in recent decades, and in this paper we consider the societal shifts that have made today’s young people less able to rely on support from stable families, clear routes into work, and opportunities to put down roots by buying a home of their own.
While Britain’s young people are, on the whole, optimistic, resourceful and ambitious, their path to adulthood has grown both longer and more insecure. Changes in family life have made it more difficult for young people to develop the character and emotional resilience they need to become happy and productive adults. The labour market and the education and benefits systems are failing a large number of young people who need more meaningful qualifications and greater assistance with securing decent jobs. What’s more, all young people deserve to benefit from a sustainable and affordable homeownership, and a better and more secure rental market.
Among the questions this paper asks are:
- How can we strengthen local institutions that are capable of developing young people’s character, maturity and resilience?
- How can we reform our benefits, job support and training to make sure every young person is learning or earning, and establish stable and coherent vocational options for those not pursuing an academic path?
- What would be sustainable means of helping young people to realise their aspirations to own their own homes?
Presenting evidence and testimonies from a variety of sources and stakeholders, and this briefing paper offers an overview of the issues facing Britain’s young people, and outlines how we need to rethink both what society expects of young people, and what young people should expect of society.
The five briefing papers in this series are brought together with a new introduction by Nick Pearce, Graeme Cooke and Kayte Lawton in the Condition of Britain interim report, published in December 2013.
Full text (PDF 14pp) http://www.ippr.org/images/media/files/publication/2013/11/Condition-of-Britain-brief02-Growing-up_Nov2013_11487.pdf
Tuesday, 18 December 2012
Social influence and job choice decisions
an article by Mukta Kulkarni (Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, India) and Siddharth Nithyanand (Aspiring Minds Assessment Pvt. Ltd, Udyog Vihar, India) published in Employee Relations Volume 35 Issue 2 (2012)
Abstract
Purpose
Past research has largely portrayed job choice as a relatively rational and goal-directed behaviour where applicants make decisions contingent on organisational recruitment activities, or evaluations of job and organisational attributes. Research now informs us that job choice decisions may also be based on social comparisons and social influence. The purpose of this paper is to add to this body of knowledge by examining reasons why social influence is a key factor in job choice decisions of relatively young job seekers.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on in-depth interview data from graduating seniors at an elite business school in India.
Findings
Respondents did not see themselves as acting based on social influence as much as they perceived others around them to be. Reasons they noted for others’ socially influenced job choice decisions were: peers and seniors are seen as more accessible and trustworthy than organisations; organisations do not share all and/or objective data, driving job seekers to other sources; job seekers are clueless and hence follow a “smart” herd; and job seekers make decisions for social status signalling. Respondents pointed to socially influenced job choices as being rational behaviours under certain conditions.
Research limitations/implications
Generalisability of findings may be limited to young job seekers or to the Indian context, and the authors encourage replication. The authors also acknowledge the importance of individual difference variables in job choice decisions, a factor not considered in the present research.
Practical implications
Given that job seekers rally around others’ notion of an attractive job or an organisation, the paper outlines several implications for managerial practice.
Originality/value
This study, in a yet unexamined cultural context, points to the simultaneous and combined importance of normative and informational social determinants of job choice, bias blind spots in one’s own job choice perceptions and decisions, gender specific socialisation influences on job choices, and the notion of job fit in terms of fitment with expectations of important reference groups.
Abstract
Purpose
Past research has largely portrayed job choice as a relatively rational and goal-directed behaviour where applicants make decisions contingent on organisational recruitment activities, or evaluations of job and organisational attributes. Research now informs us that job choice decisions may also be based on social comparisons and social influence. The purpose of this paper is to add to this body of knowledge by examining reasons why social influence is a key factor in job choice decisions of relatively young job seekers.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on in-depth interview data from graduating seniors at an elite business school in India.
Findings
Respondents did not see themselves as acting based on social influence as much as they perceived others around them to be. Reasons they noted for others’ socially influenced job choice decisions were: peers and seniors are seen as more accessible and trustworthy than organisations; organisations do not share all and/or objective data, driving job seekers to other sources; job seekers are clueless and hence follow a “smart” herd; and job seekers make decisions for social status signalling. Respondents pointed to socially influenced job choices as being rational behaviours under certain conditions.
Research limitations/implications
Generalisability of findings may be limited to young job seekers or to the Indian context, and the authors encourage replication. The authors also acknowledge the importance of individual difference variables in job choice decisions, a factor not considered in the present research.
Practical implications
Given that job seekers rally around others’ notion of an attractive job or an organisation, the paper outlines several implications for managerial practice.
Originality/value
This study, in a yet unexamined cultural context, points to the simultaneous and combined importance of normative and informational social determinants of job choice, bias blind spots in one’s own job choice perceptions and decisions, gender specific socialisation influences on job choices, and the notion of job fit in terms of fitment with expectations of important reference groups.
Friday, 25 May 2012
Growth and productivity: UK economic performance since 1997
CEPCP366 by Dan Corry, Anna Valero and John Van Reenen published in CentrePiece - The Magazine for Economic Performance (May 2012)
A common view is that the performance of the UK economy between 1997 and 2010 under Labour was very weak and that the current economic problems are a consequence of poor policies in this period.
In this report, we analyse the historical performance of the UK economy since 1997 compared with other major advanced economies and with performance prior to 1997, notably the years of Conservative government, 1979-97.
We focus on measures of business performance, especially productivity growth. This is a key economic indicator as in the long run, productivity determines material wellbeing – wages and consumption. Productivity determines the size of the “economic pie” available to the citizens of a country.
Full article (PDF 4pp)
This article summarises UK Economic Performance Since 1997: Growth, Productivity and Jobs, by Dan Corry, Anna Valero and John Van Reenen, Centre for Economic Performance Special Paper No. 24, December 2011 which (PDF 92pp) you can access here.
A common view is that the performance of the UK economy between 1997 and 2010 under Labour was very weak and that the current economic problems are a consequence of poor policies in this period.
In this report, we analyse the historical performance of the UK economy since 1997 compared with other major advanced economies and with performance prior to 1997, notably the years of Conservative government, 1979-97.
We focus on measures of business performance, especially productivity growth. This is a key economic indicator as in the long run, productivity determines material wellbeing – wages and consumption. Productivity determines the size of the “economic pie” available to the citizens of a country.
Full article (PDF 4pp)
This article summarises UK Economic Performance Since 1997: Growth, Productivity and Jobs, by Dan Corry, Anna Valero and John Van Reenen, Centre for Economic Performance Special Paper No. 24, December 2011 which (PDF 92pp) you can access here.
Saturday, 30 July 2011
Labour market report – Scotland
Bank of Scotland Report on Jobs was published on 19 July 2011
The Cabinet Secretary for Finance, Employment & Sustainable Growth John Swinney said:
Full publication (PDF 4pp)
The Cabinet Secretary for Finance, Employment & Sustainable Growth John Swinney said:
"The report for June is the third month in a row that the Scottish labour market has outperformed the UK as a whole - reflecting the labour market figures published last week showing employment in Scotland rising and unemployment falling at seven-times the rate as in the rest of the UK - but the survey also shows that there can be absolutely no grounds for complacency.
"More needs to be done to support jobs, secure investment and boost economic activity across Scotland - and the report reinforces the need for a Plan B or flexibility from the UK Government in order to strengthen growth and recovery.
"We now have lower unemployment, higher employment, and a lower rate of economic inactivity in Scotland than the UK as a whole - and the lowest joblessness rate in Scotland for 18 months, with the eighth consecutive reported fall. And last week's PMI survey showed Scotland's private sector expanding for the sixth consecutive month in June.
"The economic policy of the Scottish Government is continuing to create and safeguard jobs across our communities – with a series of positive employment initiatives in recent weeks, including from Gamesa, AWS Osean Energy, Ceridian, State Street, the plans for the Climate Change Centre at Edinburgh University, and Aquamarine Power’s new Oyster wave energy converter unveiled at Methil last week.
"We have prioritised the role of capital investment as a key driver of recovery, and workforce jobs in construction have increased by 11.6 per cent in Scotland in the year to March, compared to a 0.2 per cent fall across the UK as a whole.
"However, with greater access to the key levers of economic growth, such as corporation tax and borrowing powers, we could do more to enhance investment and jobs in the Scottish economy, and give Scotland a major competitive advantage."
Full publication (PDF 4pp)
Thursday, 22 November 2007
CareerJet
This is actually a portal to a large number of online job sites. I found the search to be a bit naff -- "information manager" in Kettering came up with Kettering jobs OK but only those with "information" and "manager" in the title or description. E.g. R&D Manager ... for further information contact ... and the list of categories did not include anything about information except IT.
However, it's no worse than many others and better than a lot in terms of range of jobs and locations. If you're looking for librarianship or professional information work then I guess you really should be using a specialist website.
However, it's no worse than many others and better than a lot in terms of range of jobs and locations. If you're looking for librarianship or professional information work then I guess you really should be using a specialist website.
Sunday, 23 September 2007
View details of a potential employer in academia
http://www.jobs.ac.uk/ has, according to onrec.com news, launched a new service whereby job applicants have an opportunity to visualise what life might be like working for a potential employer through videos of employers. This service will
help job seekers determine what it would feel like to work for the employer, whether they would fit in and what the people and atmosphere are like. Viewers can picture themselves in the job, mixing with colleagues and working in that environment. With an increasing number of employers using new technology including search engines to vet candidates, employer videos will add a new dimension for job seekers who want to research their employer of choice.
The University of Warwick is leading the way as the first employer to use the new service, which features staff from across the University describing working life there. The video provides information on working at the University including staff and students, its location, leisure and cultural attractions. jobs.ac.uk already has videos for other universities in production including Nottingham University and Keele University.
My opinion: a user-friendly site, easy to navigate, accessible and a wide range of jobs from the higher education arena. But I couldn't find the videos on University of Warwick jobs!
help job seekers determine what it would feel like to work for the employer, whether they would fit in and what the people and atmosphere are like. Viewers can picture themselves in the job, mixing with colleagues and working in that environment. With an increasing number of employers using new technology including search engines to vet candidates, employer videos will add a new dimension for job seekers who want to research their employer of choice.
The University of Warwick is leading the way as the first employer to use the new service, which features staff from across the University describing working life there. The video provides information on working at the University including staff and students, its location, leisure and cultural attractions. jobs.ac.uk already has videos for other universities in production including Nottingham University and Keele University.
My opinion: a user-friendly site, easy to navigate, accessible and a wide range of jobs from the higher education arena. But I couldn't find the videos on University of Warwick jobs!
Tuesday, 18 September 2007
Jobs in the not-for-profit sector
I made a conscious decision a while back that all the jobs sites would go into shared items so that you could decide for yourself whether this or that resource would be useful to you. My, probably quite cursory, glance at it would only look at technical aspects such as the interface and not at the usefulness of the content.
I find it interesting that we will all endure a less than perfect technical experience if it leads to appropriate information.
I've reversed my decision about shared items in the case of NFP JOBS since there is no blog to share with you.
Please access the latest newsletter from Michael Webb, NFP JOBS editor. Subscription (which is free) is at http://nfpjobs.netxtra.net/subscribe/index.jsp
I find it interesting that we will all endure a less than perfect technical experience if it leads to appropriate information.
I've reversed my decision about shared items in the case of NFP JOBS since there is no blog to share with you.
Please access the latest newsletter from Michael Webb, NFP JOBS editor. Subscription (which is free) is at http://nfpjobs.netxtra.net/subscribe/index.jsp
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