Showing posts with label gardening. Show all posts
Showing posts with label gardening. Show all posts

Friday, 13 December 2019

Gardens and cultural memory

a post by Gordon Campbell for the OUP blog


A cottage garden, West Falkland. Photo by Mary Campbell. Used with permission. 

Most gardens are in predictable places and are organised in predictable ways. On entering an English suburban garden, for example, one expects to see a lawn bordered by hedges and flowerbeds, a hard surface with a table for eating al fresco on England’s two days of summer, and a water feature quietly burbling in a corner.

In warmer places, such gardens are not necessarily expected yet are still there.

Some years ago I happened to be passing through the Iranian city of Abadan, at the southern end of the Iran-Iraq border. It is one of the hottest populated places on the planet, and in 1964 a heat burst raised the temperature to a record-breaking 87°C (189°F).

During the Iran-Iraq war the city was shelled, bombed, and burnt. Gardening was not a high priority. When I travelled through the town on a warm winter’s day, my bus was diverted because of construction, and I found myself in a residential area inhabited decades ago by British employees of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company. The houses are now occupied by Iranians, some of whom have maintained English gardens. I saw one man clipping his hedge, and another pruning roses.

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I would love to know whether one of the existing English gardens was attached to the house my father lived in when he was employed by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in Abadan.

The Wikipedia article about the A-POC does not paint a pretty picture of British and American behaviour but as a naive 11-year-old I knew nothing of this.


Sunday, 27 September 2009

On the economics of controlling an invasive plant: ...

a stochastic analysis of a biological control agent

an article by Morteza Chalak, Arjan Ruijs and Ekko C Van Ierland in International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management Volume 11 Number 1/2/3 (2009)

Abstract

Invasive plants can cause significant problems in natural and agricultural ecosystems. It is recognised that biological agents may assist in controlling invasions, but due to stochastic effects of biological control, the biological agent may not be effective. In this article, we analyse to what extent the stochastic effects of a biological control agent affect the optimal choice of control strategies to deal with the invasion of the Californian thistle in New Zealand. A stochastic dynamic optimisation model is set up that derives the path and combination of control options that maximise the expected net present value of returns from a pasture. The analysis focuses on two situations: a deterministic case and a second case in which the effect of introducing the insect Apion onopordi to reduce thistle density is stochastic. Although one would expect that the stochastic specification would lead to different results, we show that the stochasticity of the efficacy of the insect in this specific setting does not affect the optimal control measure adopted compared to the deterministic case. It is also shown that chemicals can be replaced as a control option by more environmentally friendly control options at relatively low costs.

Hazel’s comment:
Knowing how many gardeners there are in the world I make no apologies for posting this abstract that I happened across.