an article by Nassim Abdeldjallal Otmani and Malik Si-Mohammed (Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou, Algeria) and Catherine Comparot and Pierre-Jean Charrel (University Toulouse – Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France) International Journal of Web Information Systems Volume 15 Issue 3 (2019)
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose a framework for extracting medical information from the Web using domain ontologies. Patient–Doctor conversations have become prevalent on the Web. For instance, solutions like HealthTap or AskTheDoctors allow patients to ask doctors health-related questions. However, most online health-care consumers still struggle to express their questions efficiently due mainly to the expert/layman language and knowledge discrepancy. Extracting information from these layman descriptions, which typically lack expert terminology, is challenging. This hinders the efficiency of the underlying applications such as information retrieval. Herein, an ontology-driven approach is proposed, which aims at extracting information from such sparse descriptions using a meta-model.
Design/methodology/approach
A meta-model is designed to bridge the gap between the vocabulary of the medical experts and the consumers of the health services. The meta-model is mapped with SNOMED-CT to access the comprehensive medical vocabulary, as well as with WordNet to improve the coverage of layman terms during information extraction. To assess the potential of the approach, an information extraction prototype based on syntactical patterns is implemented.
Findings
The evaluation of the approach on the gold standard corpus defined in Task1 of ShARe CLEF 2013 showed promising results, an F-score of 0.79 for recognizing medical concepts in real-life medical documents.
Originality/value
The originality of the proposed approach lies in the way information is extracted. The context defined through a meta-model proved to be efficient for the task of information extraction, especially from layman descriptions.
Showing posts with label ontologies. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ontologies. Show all posts
Friday, 30 August 2019
Monday, 30 July 2012
Computing with competencies: Modelling organizational capacities
an article by Elena García-Barriocanal, Miguel-Angel Sicilia and Salvador Sánchez-Alonso
(University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain) published in Expert Systems with Applications Volume 39 Issue 16 (15th November 2012)
Abstract
The notion of competency provides an observable account of concrete human capacities under specific work conditions. The fact that competencies are subject to concrete kinds of measurement entails that they are subject to some extent to comparison and even in some sense, calculus.
Then, competency models and databases can be used to compute competency gaps, to aggregate competencies of individuals as part of groups, and to compare capacities.
However, as of today, there is not a commonly agreed model or ontology for competencies, and scattered reports use different models for computing with competencies. This paper addresses how computing with competencies can be approached from a general perspective, using a flexible and extensible ontological model that can be adapted to the particularities of concrete organizations.
Then, the consideration of competencies as an organizational asset is approached from the perspective of particular issues as competency gap analysis, the definition of job positions and how learning technology can be linked with competency models. The framework presented provides a technology-based baseline for organizations dealing with competency models, enabling the management of the knowledge acquisition dynamics of employees as driven by concrete and measurable accounts of organizational needs.
Highlights
► We review the current state of competency models and the needs for more complex competency schemas.
► We present a general model for expressing competencies and how it is expressed in the form of an ontology.
► We describe how that model can be used for different tasks involving computation and inference with competencies.
Hazel’s comment:
Some readers will remember the post I wrote last week about dropping some journals from my regular reading list. I have also been looking at the number of journals for which I receive alerts. I know that these individually do not take as long to deal with as the hard copies in the British Library but there are significantly more of them. There is, moreover, a limit to how long I can sit and look at article titles, decide whether to read the abstract, decide whether to blog and then reformatting and checking – I have to get up and go do something else such as housework for a while before coming back to the cerebral activity. This journal was one I very nearly dropped – and what a gem I would have missed. I've not read the full article but an ontology of competence has got me really excited (sad person that I am).
Abstract
The notion of competency provides an observable account of concrete human capacities under specific work conditions. The fact that competencies are subject to concrete kinds of measurement entails that they are subject to some extent to comparison and even in some sense, calculus.
Then, competency models and databases can be used to compute competency gaps, to aggregate competencies of individuals as part of groups, and to compare capacities.
However, as of today, there is not a commonly agreed model or ontology for competencies, and scattered reports use different models for computing with competencies. This paper addresses how computing with competencies can be approached from a general perspective, using a flexible and extensible ontological model that can be adapted to the particularities of concrete organizations.
Then, the consideration of competencies as an organizational asset is approached from the perspective of particular issues as competency gap analysis, the definition of job positions and how learning technology can be linked with competency models. The framework presented provides a technology-based baseline for organizations dealing with competency models, enabling the management of the knowledge acquisition dynamics of employees as driven by concrete and measurable accounts of organizational needs.
Highlights
► We review the current state of competency models and the needs for more complex competency schemas.
► We present a general model for expressing competencies and how it is expressed in the form of an ontology.
► We describe how that model can be used for different tasks involving computation and inference with competencies.
Hazel’s comment:
Some readers will remember the post I wrote last week about dropping some journals from my regular reading list. I have also been looking at the number of journals for which I receive alerts. I know that these individually do not take as long to deal with as the hard copies in the British Library but there are significantly more of them. There is, moreover, a limit to how long I can sit and look at article titles, decide whether to read the abstract, decide whether to blog and then reformatting and checking – I have to get up and go do something else such as housework for a while before coming back to the cerebral activity. This journal was one I very nearly dropped – and what a gem I would have missed. I've not read the full article but an ontology of competence has got me really excited (sad person that I am).
Sunday, 17 July 2011
Sometimes I sits and thinks …
and sometimes I just sits.
And sometimes, as when reading an article in Journal of Intellectual Capital I stop sitting, stop thinking and go for a coffee.
I read the title, “Towards an ontology for the intellectual domain” and thought “hmm, interesting” I marked up my database of journal titles to read that article in full.
I got the journal delivered to a desk in the British Library and discovered, between the abstract and the main article, a quotation from Shakespeare’s Hamlet:
I got into the introduction to the article and realised that there are more things in heaven and earth than I had dreamt of and that, although I understand the meaning of most of the individual words I do not understand them in the context of each other!
Presumably I am not an intellectual – coffee it is then.
And sometimes, as when reading an article in Journal of Intellectual Capital I stop sitting, stop thinking and go for a coffee.
I read the title, “Towards an ontology for the intellectual domain” and thought “hmm, interesting” I marked up my database of journal titles to read that article in full.
I got the journal delivered to a desk in the British Library and discovered, between the abstract and the main article, a quotation from Shakespeare’s Hamlet:
There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio
Than are dreamt of in your philosophy.
I got into the introduction to the article and realised that there are more things in heaven and earth than I had dreamt of and that, although I understand the meaning of most of the individual words I do not understand them in the context of each other!
Presumably I am not an intellectual – coffee it is then.
Friday, 1 February 2008
From folksonomies to ontologies: employing wisdom of the crowds to serve learning purposes
by Mathias Lux and Gisela Dosinger in International Journal of Knowledge and Learning Volume 3 Number 4/5
Is Web 2.0 just hype or just a buzzword, which might disappear in the near future? One way to find answers to these questions is to investigate the actual benefit of the Web 2.0 for real use cases. Within this contribution the authors study a very special aspect of the Web 2.0 – the folksonomy – and its use within self-directed learning. Guided by conceptual principles of emergent computing they point out methods which might be able to let semantics emerge from folksonomies and discuss the effect of the results in self-directed learning. (Original abstract)
Is Web 2.0 just hype or just a buzzword, which might disappear in the near future? One way to find answers to these questions is to investigate the actual benefit of the Web 2.0 for real use cases. Within this contribution the authors study a very special aspect of the Web 2.0 – the folksonomy – and its use within self-directed learning. Guided by conceptual principles of emergent computing they point out methods which might be able to let semantics emerge from folksonomies and discuss the effect of the results in self-directed learning. (Original abstract)
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