an article by Damaris Aschwanden and Mathias Allemand (University of Zurich, Switzerland) and Martina Luchetti (Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA) published in Journal of Personality Volume 87 Issue 3 (June 2019)
Abstract
Objective
Previous research has shown a positive relationship between Openness and cognitive engagement as well as Neuroticism and cognitive complaints at the between‐person level. However, less is known about these associations at the within‐person level in daily life. Using daily assessments, the present study examined these associations both at the between‐person and within‐person level. Knowing the within‐person associations is important to provide valuable information for simple preventive and interceptive intervention strategies.
Method
This study sampled 136 healthy older participants (M = 70.45 years; 41.2% male). Open and neurotic behaviors as well as cognitive engagement and complaints were measured every evening over 11 days.
Results
The results of multilevel models showed a positive association between open behaviors and cognitive engagement at the between‐person and within‐person level. For neurotic behaviors and cognitive complaints, no association was found at either level of analysis.
Conclusions
These findings extend previous research by providing the investigation of the associations between specific naturally occurring behaviors related to personality and cognition in the daily life of older adults at the within‐person level. Furthermore, these results may offer some basis for future intervention studies that should test whether a simple intervention aimed at promoting Openness‐related behaviors may increase cognitive engagement.
Showing posts with label old_age. Show all posts
Showing posts with label old_age. Show all posts
Monday, 10 June 2019
Friday, 16 November 2018
The social–political challenges behind the wish to die in older people who consider their lives to be completed and no longer worth living
an article by Els van Wijngaarden, Anne Goossensen and Carlo Leget (University of Humanistic Studies, The Netherlands) published in Journal of European Social Policy Volume 28 Issue 4 (October 2018)
Abstract
In the Netherlands, physician-assisted dying has been legalized since 2002.
Currently, an increasing number of Dutch citizens are in favour of a more relaxed interpretation of the law. Based on an ethos of self-determination and autonomy, there is a strong political lobby for the legal right to assisted dying when life is considered to be completed and no longer worth living.
Building on previous empirical research, this article provides a critical ethical reflection upon this social issue.
In the first part, we discuss the following question: what is the lived experience of older people who consider their lives to be completed and no longer worth living? We describe the reported loss of a sense of autonomy, dignity and independence in the lives of these older people.
In the second part, from an ethics of care stance, we analyse the emerging social and political challenges behind the wish to die. Empirically grounded, the authors argue that the debate on ‘completed life in old age’ should primarily focus not on the question of whether or not to legitimize a self-directed death but on how to build an inclusive society where people may feel less unneeded, useless and marginalized.
Full text (PDF 11pp)
Abstract
In the Netherlands, physician-assisted dying has been legalized since 2002.
Currently, an increasing number of Dutch citizens are in favour of a more relaxed interpretation of the law. Based on an ethos of self-determination and autonomy, there is a strong political lobby for the legal right to assisted dying when life is considered to be completed and no longer worth living.
Building on previous empirical research, this article provides a critical ethical reflection upon this social issue.
In the first part, we discuss the following question: what is the lived experience of older people who consider their lives to be completed and no longer worth living? We describe the reported loss of a sense of autonomy, dignity and independence in the lives of these older people.
In the second part, from an ethics of care stance, we analyse the emerging social and political challenges behind the wish to die. Empirically grounded, the authors argue that the debate on ‘completed life in old age’ should primarily focus not on the question of whether or not to legitimize a self-directed death but on how to build an inclusive society where people may feel less unneeded, useless and marginalized.
Full text (PDF 11pp)
Friday, 6 July 2012
Lifecourse determinants and incomes in retirement: Belgium and the United Kingdom compared
an article by Caroline Dewilde (Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam) published in Ageing & Society Volume 32 Part 4 (May 2012)
Abstract
This paper considers how social inequality in old age might be structured by previous lifecourse experiences. Specifically, it analyses the impact of ‘life-time’ family and labour market experiences on household incomes of older people in Belgium and the United Kingdom.
Prospective panel data and retrospective life-history information from the Panel Study of Belgian Households (1992-2002) and the British Household Panel Survey (1991-2005) were combined. The analysis sample comprised 481 Belgium men, 602 Belgium women, 577 British men, and 803 British women aged 60 years and over.
The results show that old-age income is indeed influenced by previous lifecourse experiences, and that differences between Belgium and the UK can be explained in terms of welfare régime arrangements. Family experiences have a larger impact on old-age incomes in ‘male-breadwinner’ Belgium, while in Britain labour market events are more important.
As social transfers in Britain are more aimed at poverty prevention and less at income replacement, a ‘scarring effect’ of unemployment persists even into old age. Also, the more of one’s career is spent in blue-collar work, self-employment or farming, the lower the income in old age.
This effect was found to be significantly stronger in Belgium than in the UK, despite the high level of ‘de-commodification’ achieved by the Belgian welfare state.
Abstract
This paper considers how social inequality in old age might be structured by previous lifecourse experiences. Specifically, it analyses the impact of ‘life-time’ family and labour market experiences on household incomes of older people in Belgium and the United Kingdom.
Prospective panel data and retrospective life-history information from the Panel Study of Belgian Households (1992-2002) and the British Household Panel Survey (1991-2005) were combined. The analysis sample comprised 481 Belgium men, 602 Belgium women, 577 British men, and 803 British women aged 60 years and over.
The results show that old-age income is indeed influenced by previous lifecourse experiences, and that differences between Belgium and the UK can be explained in terms of welfare régime arrangements. Family experiences have a larger impact on old-age incomes in ‘male-breadwinner’ Belgium, while in Britain labour market events are more important.
As social transfers in Britain are more aimed at poverty prevention and less at income replacement, a ‘scarring effect’ of unemployment persists even into old age. Also, the more of one’s career is spent in blue-collar work, self-employment or farming, the lower the income in old age.
This effect was found to be significantly stronger in Belgium than in the UK, despite the high level of ‘de-commodification’ achieved by the Belgian welfare state.
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