Editorial by David Bailey (Birmingham Business School, UK), Amy Glasmeier (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA), Philip R. Tomlinson (University of Bath, UK; Birmingham Business School, UK) and Peter Tylerd (Department of Land Economy, Cambridge, UK) published in Cambriudge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Volume 12 Issue 2 (July 2019)
Industrial Policy and industrial strategy
Deep history
In many parts of the world, stagnant economies, rising inequality and sluggish regional growth have renewed interest in and experimentation with industrial policy. This reflects a longstanding trend in economic history, where economic downturns have invariably led to follow-on attempts of some form of state-led economic revival and subsequent policy cycles, usually accompanied with regime change to contain some type of shock (Williams, 2012). Examples abound.
In the late 18th century, in the USA, the first evidence of industrial policy—largely through the efforts of Alexander Hamilton (the First US Treasury secretary) and his 1791 Report on the Subject of Manufactures—accompanied the nation’s hard-fought economic independence which energised the nation’s elite to emulate features of European industrialisation in pursuit of modernisation; policy instruments included closed borders and import substitution, frequently aided by piracy and industrial espionage (see Irwin, 2004). These ideas were strongly supported by the German–American economist Frederick List (1841), who provided one of the first theoretical treatises for industrial policy by arguing that policymakers should take a long-term view of economic development and intervene accordingly, especially to promote domestic manufacture and commerce (see Chang, 2002).
Full text (PDF 9pp)
Hazel’s comment:
And finally I read something that makes sense to a lay person with an interest in global economics, namely me.
Showing posts with label new_technologies. Show all posts
Showing posts with label new_technologies. Show all posts
Tuesday, 23 July 2019
Wednesday, 3 July 2019
The individual consequences of occupational decline
a column by Per-Anders Edin, Tiernan Evans, Georg Graetz, Sofia Hernnäs and Guy Michaels for VOX: CEPR’s Policy Portal
As new technologies replace human labour in a growing number of tasks, employment in some occupations invariably falls.
This column compares outcomes for similar workers in similar occupations over 28 years to explore the consequences of large declines in occupational employment for workers’ careers. While mean losses in earnings and employment for those initially working in occupations that later declined are relatively moderate, low-earners lose significantly more.
Continue reading
As new technologies replace human labour in a growing number of tasks, employment in some occupations invariably falls.
This column compares outcomes for similar workers in similar occupations over 28 years to explore the consequences of large declines in occupational employment for workers’ careers. While mean losses in earnings and employment for those initially working in occupations that later declined are relatively moderate, low-earners lose significantly more.
Continue reading
Friday, 22 July 2016
The co-dependent relationship of technology and communities
an article by Daniel W. Surry* and Fredrick W. Baker III (Auburn University, AL, USA) published in British Journal of Educational Technology Volume 47 Issue 1 (January 2016)
Abstract
Technology is one the defining features of humanity. It is ubiquitous in modern society and plays an important role in nearly everything that humans do. New technologies frequently spur our imagination, can evoke powerful emotions and often serve as the topic of heated debate. Many people are in awe of the power and potential of new technologies while others fear its increasing importance in human life.
New technologies can create new employment opportunities, spawn new businesses and even revitalize entire economies. Conversely, they can cause unemployment, destroy long-standing organizations and lead to global economic upheaval. While technology undoubtedly impacts people and societies in profound ways, people and societies also impact the development and use of technologies. The intelligence, dedication and support of numerous people, businesses and social groups are needed to develop even relatively simple technologies. Once developed, new technologies rely on a myriad of economic, social, human and political forces for their continued use and expansion.
The field of learning technologies serves as an important and interesting case in which to explore the complex relationship between technology and society. In this paper, we will provide an overview of some of the most important philosophical and theoretical views of the relationship between technology and social systems, describe key issues related to the topic that are important for Learning Technologists to consider, and provide a series of recommendations for research and practice.
Full text (HTML)
Abstract
Technology is one the defining features of humanity. It is ubiquitous in modern society and plays an important role in nearly everything that humans do. New technologies frequently spur our imagination, can evoke powerful emotions and often serve as the topic of heated debate. Many people are in awe of the power and potential of new technologies while others fear its increasing importance in human life.
New technologies can create new employment opportunities, spawn new businesses and even revitalize entire economies. Conversely, they can cause unemployment, destroy long-standing organizations and lead to global economic upheaval. While technology undoubtedly impacts people and societies in profound ways, people and societies also impact the development and use of technologies. The intelligence, dedication and support of numerous people, businesses and social groups are needed to develop even relatively simple technologies. Once developed, new technologies rely on a myriad of economic, social, human and political forces for their continued use and expansion.
The field of learning technologies serves as an important and interesting case in which to explore the complex relationship between technology and society. In this paper, we will provide an overview of some of the most important philosophical and theoretical views of the relationship between technology and social systems, describe key issues related to the topic that are important for Learning Technologists to consider, and provide a series of recommendations for research and practice.
Full text (HTML)
Friday, 22 June 2012
Online tutoring and emotional labour in the private sector
an article by Sue Webb (Monash University, Melbourne) published in Journal of Workplace Learning Volume 25 Issue 5 (2012)
Abstract
Purpose
What happens when computer software is designed to replace the teacher and the human role is to service the relationship between the software and the learner? Specifically, this paper aims to consider whether or not emotional labour is performed in contexts mediated by technology in the private sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is a single site, the online tutoring centre, in a large global education company in Europe servicing learners based in companies elsewhere. It is a critical case study with strategic importance for understanding the effects of the transformations to the education work afforded by a work design based on digital Taylorism. Qualitative methods are used, including observation, analysis of tutor/student e-mail exchanges over a ten-month period and interviews with key personnel.
Findings
It was found that in spite of the drive for standardisation and consistency, online tutors engaged in considerable levels of emotional labour, individualised in its performance along a spectrum.
Research limitations/implications
The work has value in that it extends into new sites the study of digital Taylorism. In finding emotional labour in this critical case, it suggests that emotional labour will be present in less extreme cases.
Practical implications
The article is a useful source of information for practitioners in online learning centres, as well as researchers in the area of recruitment and training of online tutors.
Social implications
The article provides insights into effects of the recruitment of under-qualified people in private learning centres.
Originality/value
The article provides insights into an area of work-based learning that is under-investigated to date – i.e. the recruitment and practices of tutors in private learning centres and the role of emotional labour.
Abstract
Purpose
What happens when computer software is designed to replace the teacher and the human role is to service the relationship between the software and the learner? Specifically, this paper aims to consider whether or not emotional labour is performed in contexts mediated by technology in the private sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is a single site, the online tutoring centre, in a large global education company in Europe servicing learners based in companies elsewhere. It is a critical case study with strategic importance for understanding the effects of the transformations to the education work afforded by a work design based on digital Taylorism. Qualitative methods are used, including observation, analysis of tutor/student e-mail exchanges over a ten-month period and interviews with key personnel.
Findings
It was found that in spite of the drive for standardisation and consistency, online tutors engaged in considerable levels of emotional labour, individualised in its performance along a spectrum.
Research limitations/implications
The work has value in that it extends into new sites the study of digital Taylorism. In finding emotional labour in this critical case, it suggests that emotional labour will be present in less extreme cases.
Practical implications
The article is a useful source of information for practitioners in online learning centres, as well as researchers in the area of recruitment and training of online tutors.
Social implications
The article provides insights into effects of the recruitment of under-qualified people in private learning centres.
Originality/value
The article provides insights into an area of work-based learning that is under-investigated to date – i.e. the recruitment and practices of tutors in private learning centres and the role of emotional labour.
Thursday, 5 April 2012
Some Thoughts on Poetry and Pornography as Experimental Twins
an article by Richard Nash (an independent publishing entrepreneur) published in The Journal of Electronic Publishing Volume 14 Issue 2 (Fall 2011)
Abstract
It is commonplace that pornography is the avant-garde of all media.
When new technologies arise, the pornographers are there first, too.
Every time there has been a significant shift in marketplace rules, even if the technology is broadly unchanged, the pornographers are the first to figure it out.
What is, however, far less frequently discussed is poetry. Poets and pornographers have nothing to lose. No commercial opportunity in the former case, no prestige in the latter. Conversely, they have very clear goals, too: prestige in the former case, money in the latter.
Continue reading
Abstract
It is commonplace that pornography is the avant-garde of all media.
When new technologies arise, the pornographers are there first, too.
Every time there has been a significant shift in marketplace rules, even if the technology is broadly unchanged, the pornographers are the first to figure it out.
What is, however, far less frequently discussed is poetry. Poets and pornographers have nothing to lose. No commercial opportunity in the former case, no prestige in the latter. Conversely, they have very clear goals, too: prestige in the former case, money in the latter.
Continue reading
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
